Introduction to Science

A- Define carefully.

Cell


Organism


Metabolism


Homeostasis


Respiration


Stimulus


Response


Secretion


Excretion


Reproduction


Classify


Prokaryote


Eukaryote


Nucleus


Binomial nomenclature

Taxonomy


Domain


Species



B- Compare each pair of terms listed below.

Unicellular



Multicellular
Autotrophic



Heterotrophic
Ingest



Digest
Asexual reproduction Sexual reproduction



Internal stimuli External stimuli



Voluntary response


Involuntary response
Movement


Location
Warm blooded animal Cold blooded animal




C. Life Functions
1. Name the life activity described:

a. birth to death
b. obtaining food for growth, energy and cell repair
c. collection and elimination of waste
d. ability to react to situations
e. motion either within an organism or a change in position or location
f. taking in O2 and combining it with food to release energy
g. the need for the essential fluid that composes about 65-70% of the organism
h. change in size, shape, form
i. production of chemicals such as hormones, enzymes, etc.
j. to produce an organism of the same species

2a. Do both animals and plants need to ingest food?



2b. Do both animals and plants need to digest food? Explain



3. Write the word formulas for photosynthesis and respiration. How are these reactions related?



4. How do plants and animals take in 02?



5. Which life processes compose an organism’s metabolism?



6. Write 4 reasons why H20 is essential to all organisms.



7. Why must all organisms have sufficient living space?



8. How do warm-blooded and cold-blooded animals maintain homeostasis?



9.What is the main source of energy for all living things? Explain.




10. What makes a living thing different from a non-living thing?




D. Classification

1.Why do scientists classify organisms?




2.What did Aristotle contribute to the development of scientific classification?




3.What two contributions did Linnaeus make to taxonomy?




4.What two important factors are considered in today’s modern classification system?




5. What are the levels of classification? (in order, of course!)



6. Which two levels are used for scientific naming?



7.Which level of classification include organisms that are the most similar? ……the least similar?



8.Name the three domains. Write three facts about each domain.






9a. Name the four kingdoms in the Eukarya domain.


9b.Name the kingdoms for each of the following descriptions

a. examples include heterotrophs and autotrophs
b. examples are all autotrophs
c. examples are all hetertrophs
d. multicellular (most or all)
e. unicellular (most)
f. most complex kingdom
g. examples often have both animal like and plant like characteristics.
h. hetertrophic and cannot move about
i. hetertrophic and can move about
j. autotrophic and can move about
k. examples include corn, cabbage, and carrots
l. examples include mold, yeast, and mildew
m. examples include Amoeba, saiamecieem, Euglena
n. examples include mussels, rabbits and man.


E. Scientific naming

1.What is the system of scientific naming called?


2. Who devised this system?


3.Which language is used in most of the scientific naming?


4.Who names a newly discovered organism?


5.Which two levels of classification are used to name organisms?


6.What is the rule that is applied to scientific names when written in script? When written in print? (books, magazines, journals, etc.)


7. Why is it important for scientist to agree on one naming system?


8. Using your notes, write the scientific name for: Remember to underline each name.

a. lion
b. man
c. rose

8b. Rewrite the scientific name for rose and indicate which is the genus and species name.


F. The Microscope


1.What is the proper way to carry a microscope?


2.Where are the lenses on the microscope?


3.What parts of the microscope are used for focusing?


4.How are the objectives changed?


5.How does the diaphragm work?


6.What 2 parts “support” the microscope?


7.What are the function of the:

a. body tube-
b. stage-
c. stage clips
d. mirror-

8. How is total magnification determined and give an example?

** Be able to Identify All Parts of The Microscope **